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2	Cause and Effect The Haitian Revolution began as a rebellion against slavery and French plantation owners. It’s results were the end to the plantation system.
3	Lasting Effects It contributed to the end of French colonial ambitions in the western hemisphere, which led France to sell its vast territory in North America to the United States in the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 (which more than doubled the size of the U.S.). Refugees from Haiti settled in Louisiana, helping to establish that area's distinct French Creole culture. The uprising also inspired fear of similar revolts in other slave-holding areas of the Caribbean and the United States Slaveholders in these areas isolated Haiti to keep the idea of emancipation from spreading
4	Haiti (Saint-Domingue) as a European Colony By the late 1700s, the French colony of Saint-Domingue had developed into the richest European colony in the western hemisphere. With an extensive system of sugar and coffee plantations based on African slave labor Saint-Domingue exported more wealth than all of the British North American colonies combined Molasses, a by-product of sugar processing, that was made into highly profitable rum.
5	Population of Saint-Domingue in the late 18th century The population consisted of about 450,000 black slaves 40,000 whites 28,000 free blacks and mulattoes (those of mixed black and white ancestry). The white population was divided between an upper class of about 10,000 aristocrats and a middle class of about 30,000 shopkeepers, soldiers, artisans, and others.
6	Colonial Tensions Differences/inequalities of life. White populations lived life of indulgence, luxury, and extravagance. Black slaves lived a harsh life with few amenities. The death rate of slaves was high. Many slaves died of overwork and inadequate food.
7	Internal Conflict Among The Different Groups Saint-Domingue's white population was split: the elites were loyal to the king, while the middle class supported the revolutionaries, or Jacobins. The mulattoes (of African and European descent), hoping to improve their lives, espoused the revolutionary ideals of liberty and equality for themselves, but not for the slaves.
8	The New Leader François Dominique Toussaint Louverture rose to high rank within the Spanish army He switched to the French side (when slavery was abolished) and was promoted to general in 1795 by French colonial officials. He helped drive out the Spanish. In 1796 Toussaint ruled the colony as the French governor-general. Over the next four years, he forced the British troops to withdraw and defeated his internal rivals, especially a mulatto group in the south that was destroyed in a bloody race war. He conquered Santo Domingo, the Spanish portion of the island, abolished slavery there, and proclaimed himself governor-general of the island for life.
9	The Final Steps of the French Napoleon sent a large army to Saint-Domingue to replace Toussaint with a trusted white general. Toussaint was tricked onto a ship and was taken to France, where he died in prison. The army that he had trained declared war on the French, led by two of Toussaint's subordinates, Jean-Jacques Dessalines and Henri Christophe. After a bitter struggle, the former slaves defeated Napoleon's forces, massacred or drove all whites off the island, and changed the name of the colony to the aboriginal name "Haiti"
10	Impacts of the Haitian Revolution on North and South America Many refugees fled the island, pouring into seaports in the United States and the colony of Louisiana. These refugees from Saint-Domingue—white planters, mulatto artisans, and some African slaves—brought with them their language, religion, laws, newspapers, education, art, and their skills at growing sugar, all of which strongly influenced the culture of the lower South.
11	Impacts (continued) The French failure to regain control over Saint-Domingue also influenced Napoleon to abandon efforts to build an empire in the western hemisphere In 1803 France sold its North American province of Louisiana, a region of 2,100,000 sq km (more than 800,000 sq mi) west of the Mississippi River, to the United States. Was a source of pride to many blacks in the United States and served as an example to some slaves who attempted unsuccessful uprisings in Virginia and South Carolina.
12	Final Impacts As the second independent nation in the western hemisphere (after the United States), Haiti gave support to Simón Bolívar, leader of the movement for South American independence from Spain in the early 1800s. In return, Bolívar made abolition of slavery one of the goals of his movement.